During the chaotic period of the war in 1974, many donkeys which were in the possession of the villagers of the region were left alone following their owners’ fled for new settlement places. They were then gathered and left free in the tranquil field of Karpas Region. IN THE beginning, it was assumed that Karpas is an ideal place where the donkeys would survive, but the farmers and villagers of the area were not happy with this situation as the donkeys may eat their crops and spoil their garden, fences and fields. The government proposed to sell the donkeys to Turkey as a solution but almost all the environmental associations and groups opposed this action.
The wild donkeys strolling lazily and grazing on the peaceful land of the Karpas peninsula national park are there for a very long time, having descended from the domestic Cyprus donkey. Although the population of them in the past could easily exceed thousands, it is decreased to around 400-500 donkeys in the present day.

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1-Cyprus Wheatear (Oenanthe cypriaca)
This endemic species can be seen just about anywhere on the island but nests only in Cyprus and after living on the island between the months of March and November, it migrates to East Africa to spend the winter season.
2-Cyprus Warbler (Sylvia melanothorax)
It breeds in the low bushes in higher regions and especially Karpas. In general, around spring time it can be seen almost everywhere on the island. While some of them spend the entire year in Cyprus, some will migrate to Israel, Egypt and Sudan for the winter.
In addition to these two endemic species in Cyprus, there are five sub-endemic species that can also be found;
1-Cyprus Scops Owl (Otus scops cyprius)
2-Coal Tit (parus ater cypriotis)
3-Short-toed Treecreeper (Certhia brachydactyla dorotheae )
4-Cyprus jay ( Garrulus glandarius glaszneri )
5-Guillemard, s Crossbill (Loxia curvirostra guillemardi )

Important Bird Areas and Bird Watching Areas
Karpas Peninsula-Klidhes island
Besparmak Kyrenia Mountains
Mehmetcik Pond
Kantara
Famagusta Pond
Koprulu Pond
Buffavento
Kanlikoy Pond
Korucam-Kormacit cape
Alevkayasi
Zeytin-Elaia cape
Silver Beach and glapsides Beach
Salamis Forests.

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In North Cyprus, 373 types of endemic, local and migratory bird species have been determined. Cyprus, which is on the North-South migration route, is known for this characteristic as it allows the opportunity to observe many number of birds. In addition, the internationally important salt lakes in Larnaca and Agrotur (Akrotiri) are also an important factor in why so many birds are seen on the island.
Birds the winged beauties of nature, not only attract the attention of scientists but also birdwatchers with their mysterious characteristics that spark emotion and their eye catching colors and shapes.
Tourists who are interested in bird watching, which is a worldwide popular hobby and branch of ecotourism, visit these places that provide this opportunity.
Cyprus, the third largest island of the Mediterranean, is a location of attention for bird watching as the island is located on the bird migration route between Asia and Africa. Because Cyprus is the visiting point of many different bird species, it is the only European country listed in the World`s Important bird area`s list.

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The ecology of orhids is a complex topic as the flowers themselves. Orchids have a large habitat diversity and can be found almost anywhere in the world, especially in tropical and warm temperate regions. Many orchids live on other plants, on decayed material or independent as usual plants.
Nearly all orchids are pollinated by insects notably bees and wasps, but also butterflies ants, flies and others. Moreover, almost every orchid species is pollinated by just one or two kinds of insects.
Even though there are plentiful, many of them may go extinct if its pollinator insect dies out.

32 CONFİRMED SPECIES
Because of their rarity and beauty, orchids hold a special fascination for all naturalists. In North Cyprus, the orchid flora consists of 32 confirmed species, subspecies and varieties and a further three or five which presence needs verifying.
Some species will be familiar to botanists from north-western Europe, such as pyramidal orchid and autumn lady’s tresses, but there are also more exotic species including violet limodore, tongue-flowered serapes, naked man orchid and more.
No doubt more observant botanists will find these and other orchid species more frequently but we think it is true to say that they are localized and hence always a delight when stumbled upon.

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Mediterranean climate has played a major part in the formation of Cyprus nature. There are approximately 1900 types of plants with flowers including 150 different Gramineae our. 30 of the known orchid types in the world are just available in Cyprus. There are 19 types of plants growing in Cyprus and cannot be found any where else in the world.
Northern Cyprus, because of its geographical location, is the home of birds between Africa and Eastern Europe for accommodation and nesting. Seven out of 350 types of birds in the island are endemic. there are also 26 kind of reptiles and amphibians.
There are 20000 different kinds of orchids in the world and 45 of them are available in Cyprus, out of which 30 of them in Northern Cyprus. Ophrys is unique to Cyprus.
Orchids are highly protected in Cyprus, and it is forbidden by law to cut, uproot or damage them.
The environment that we inherited and the next generation will inherit from us worth more awareness and love . There is a mysterious sense at the world ’Orchid. (it has to be known to love)
From this point on , we prepared the inventory of the orchids of our beautiful island , Cyprus.
Our duties include the possession of orchids in a way to protect them by publicizing them. Perhaps it will be suitable to begin our words saying: What is orchid ? And is wild orchid present in the environment we live in?’
The term orchid anticipates an expensive plant with pleasant odour and eye-catching colours.
It is generally presented to woman.
But beyond its prevalent image and begin man’s favourite for centuries, orchids, as mysterious individuals of the nature, are not far from us.
Perhaps we met most of them during a picnic, or during a walk we had with friends in the country, but we did not noticed them perhaps because we were not interested in them.
The family orchidaceous, thought to have originated from the liliaceous family, is one of the largest and most evolved plant families in the entire plant kingdom. Orchids comprise the most diverse family of plants, with over 25000 described species in 400 to 800 general worldwide.
The Amazon is among the world’s richest sources of native orchids, from where thousands of species are described and many more undoubtedly remain to be discovered.
Orchids are differ from other flowering plants because they have ;Their stamens and pistils (male and female parts) fused together in one structure known as a column three petals and three petal-like sepals usually has one different petal that forms a lip or labellum’s making the flower laterally symmetrical the pollen is usually bound together in a few large masses known as pollinate, their flowers twist around during development known as recuperation.

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